Introduction
Bequant Pro Limited publishes the following information in accordance with Article 66(5) of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 on markets in crypto-assets (MiCA) and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/422. The disclosures below concern the consensus mechanisms used by the relevant crypto-asset networks in relation to which the Company provides services. Where direct network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form at the publication date, the Company states this expressly and relies on best-efforts estimates and narrative methodology disclosures.
Scope and structure of these disclosures
The Company provides services in relation to the crypto-assets listed below. In accordance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/422, a separate disclosure is provided for each crypto-asset, consisting of:
- Table 2 (mandatory indicators), which is required for every crypto-asset in relation to which the Company provides services; and
- Table 3 (supplementary indicators on energy and GHG emissions), which is mandatory where the yearly energy consumption reported in field S.8 of Table 2 exceeds 500,000 kWh, and is included on a voluntary best-efforts basis for all other assets.
The crypto-assets covered are grouped into two consensus mechanism categories: Proof of Work (PoW) assets (sections 1–5) and Proof of Stake (PoS) and variant assets (sections 6–15). Quantitative data availability varies between these categories — PoW networks (particularly Bitcoin) have more mature public datasets, while PoS network-level sustainability data is less developed. Where reliable quantitative data is not available, the Company provides narrative disclosure on a best-efforts basis.
The Company does not operate any mining, validation, or staking infrastructure. All information is sourced from publicly available data as permitted by Article 66(5) of MiCA.
Proof of Work (PoW) Assets
Bitcoin (BTC)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Bitcoin (BTC) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Work (PoW) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Bitcoin uses Proof of Work (PoW). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Approximately 138,000,000,000–176,000,000,000 kWh per annum (best-efforts range based on Cambridge public research). |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. The threshold in the Delegated Regulation is clearly exceeded. Supplementary indicators are therefore included. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Approximately 52.4% of energy from sustainable sources according to Cambridge research; this figure includes renewables and nuclear and should not be read as an EU-law 'renewable-only' percentage. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Litecoin (LTC)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Litecoin (LTC) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Work (PoW) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Litecoin uses Proof of Work (PoW). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Best-efforts estimate: network energy consumption materially exceeds the 500,000 kWh threshold and is significantly below Bitcoin but still energy intensive relative to PoS networks. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Publication uses best-efforts narrative disclosure because asset-specific public datasets are less mature than for Bitcoin. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Network-specific renewable / low-carbon split not identified in a sufficiently harmonised public form at publication date. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Bitcoin Cash (BCH)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Bitcoin Cash (BCH) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Work (PoW) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Bitcoin Cash uses Proof of Work (PoW). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Best-efforts estimate: network energy consumption materially exceeds the 500,000 kWh threshold and remains dependent on PoW mining activity. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Publication uses best-efforts narrative disclosure because asset-specific public datasets are less mature than for Bitcoin. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Network-specific renewable / low-carbon split not identified in a sufficiently harmonised public form at publication date. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Dogecoin (DOGE)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Dogecoin (DOGE) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Work (PoW, merged-mined with Litecoin) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Dogecoin uses Proof of Work (PoW, merged-mined with Litecoin). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Best-efforts estimate: network energy consumption materially exceeds the 500,000 kWh threshold; merged-mining dynamics with Litecoin make standalone estimation method-sensitive. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Dogecoin's mining profile is linked to merged-mining arrangements and therefore quantitative energy-per-transaction figures should be treated with caution. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Network-specific renewable / low-carbon split not identified in a sufficiently harmonised public form at publication date. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Ethereum Classic (ETC)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Ethereum Classic (ETC) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Work (PoW) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Ethereum Classic uses Proof of Work (PoW). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Best-efforts estimate: network energy consumption exceeds the 500,000 kWh threshold and remains dependent on PoW mining activity. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Publication uses best-efforts narrative disclosure because publicly available sustainability datasets are limited. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Network-specific renewable / low-carbon split not identified in a sufficiently harmonised public form at publication date. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Proof of Stake (PoS) and Variant Assets
Ethereum (ETH)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Ethereum (ETH) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake (PoS) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Ethereum uses Proof of Stake (PoS). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Approximately 2,600,000 kWh per annum on a best-efforts basis following Ethereum's transition to PoS. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. The threshold in the Delegated Regulation is exceeded on the figures available in the source document, so supplementary indicators are included on a best-efforts narrative basis. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use is that of standard server / validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes; no network-wide renewable-only percentage has been identified in a sufficiently harmonised form. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Solana (SOL)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Solana (SOL) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake with Proof of History ordering |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Solana uses Proof of Stake with Proof of History ordering. The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Approximately 1,800,000 kWh per annum on a best-efforts basis. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Supplementary indicators are included on a best-efforts narrative basis because the energy figure cited in the source document exceeds the RTS threshold. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use is that of validator / server infrastructure and local electricity mixes; no harmonised network-wide renewable-only percentage has been identified. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
BNB (BNB)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | BNB (BNB) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Staked Authority / PoS variant |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | BNB uses Proof of Staked Authority / PoS variant. The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Website text therefore uses narrative methodology disclosure rather than a single asserted emissions figure. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Cardano (ADA)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Cardano (ADA) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake (Ouroboros) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Cardano uses Proof of Stake (Ouroboros). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Approximately 600,000 kWh per annum on a best-efforts basis. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Supplementary indicators are included on a best-efforts narrative basis because the energy figure cited in the source document exceeds the RTS threshold. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator / stake-pool infrastructure and local electricity mixes; no harmonised renewable-only percentage identified. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Tron (TRX)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Tron (TRX) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Tron uses Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Narrative best-efforts disclosure used. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Avalanche (AVAX)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Avalanche (AVAX) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake / Avalanche consensus |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Avalanche uses Proof of Stake / Avalanche consensus. The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Narrative best-efforts disclosure used. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Polkadot (DOT)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Polkadot (DOT) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Polkadot uses Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Narrative best-efforts disclosure used. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Toncoin (TON)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Toncoin (TON) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake (PoS) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Toncoin uses Proof of Stake (PoS). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Narrative best-efforts disclosure used. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Cosmos (ATOM)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Cosmos (ATOM) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake / Tendermint BFT |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Cosmos uses Proof of Stake / Tendermint BFT. The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Narrative best-efforts disclosure used. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Near Protocol (NEAR)
Table 2 — Mandatory information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.1 | Name of crypto-asset | Near Protocol (NEAR) |
| S.2 | Consensus mechanism | Proof of Stake (PoS) |
| S.3 | Description of consensus mechanism | Near Protocol uses Proof of Stake (PoS). The mechanism validates transactions and maintains ledger integrity through a decentralised set of miners or validators rather than through the Company's own infrastructure. |
| S.4 | Incentive structure | Participants are incentivised through native token rewards and/or transaction fees, with economic penalties or opportunity costs depending on the protocol design. |
| S.5 | Governance structure | Governance is decentralised and protocol changes depend on the relevant network community, developers, validators / miners and other ecosystem participants rather than on the Company. |
| S.6 | Reference period start | 1 January 2025 |
| S.7 | Reference period end | 31 December 2025 |
| S.8 | Yearly energy consumption (kWh) | Public-source data indicates low energy consumption relative to PoW networks; a single harmonised annual kWh figure has not been identified in a sufficiently reliable public source at publication date. |
| S.9 | Methodology and sources | The Company does not operate the relevant consensus infrastructure and therefore relies on best-efforts public-source information. Where exact network-level data is not available in a harmonised or reasonably reliable form, the Company states this expressly rather than presenting unsupported precision. The disclosure will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available. Narrative best-efforts disclosure used. |
Table 3 — Supplementary information
| Field | Indicator | Website text |
|---|
| S.10 | Share of energy from renewable / low-carbon sources | Energy use reflects validator infrastructure and local electricity mixes. |
| S.11 | Energy intensity | A per-transaction metric is not presented as a definitive KPI unless supported by a stable, transparent and network-specific methodology. For decentralised networks, such figures can be highly method-sensitive and may mislead if presented without caveat. |
| S.12 | Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.13 | Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions | Not separately quantifiable on a sufficiently reliable network-wide basis for website disclosure. |
| S.14 | GHG intensity | Not stated as a single definitive figure where the underlying emissions base is not sufficiently harmonised across public sources. |
| S.15 | Key energy sources and methodologies | The Company uses publicly available ecosystem materials and reputable third-party sustainability / research publications where available. Where energy-source data is incomplete or heterogeneous, the Company provides narrative disclosure instead of unsupported precision. |
| S.16 | Key GHG sources and methodologies | GHG information is disclosed on a best-efforts basis only. For decentralised networks, direct operator-level measurement is generally not available to the Company and publicly available figures may vary materially depending on methodology, geography assumptions and treatment of electricity mix. |
Final website footer text
These disclosures are published on a best-efforts basis using publicly available information regarding the relevant crypto-asset networks.
The Company does not itself operate mining, validation, or staking infrastructure.
The disclosures will be reviewed at least annually and updated more frequently where material new information becomes available.
Contact: compliance@bequant.io
© 2026 Bequant Pro Limited. Last updated: 8 April 2026. Published pursuant to MiCA Article 66(5) and CDR (EU) 2025/422.